【白欲曉】論牟宗三的“哲學世界”——兼論相關研討的一包養價格“跨界”問題

Since the 1980s of the 20th century, Mou Zongsan’s thinking and philosophy have received extensive research and development, and have produced major theoretical effects. This article will use the description and explanation of Mou Zongsan’s “philosophical world” to plot the differences in the areas of creation and evaluate its correlation, and to understand Mou Zongsan’s philosophical creation tasks, and to further reflect on the “cross-border” problems surrounding Mou Zongsan’s related research, and provide the method for the discussion.borrowing.

1. “Civilized Identity Universe” and “Philosophical World”

Zeng Zhaoxu once praised Mou Zongsan as “the man in the Chinese philosophical universe”①. This must-position is obviously a comparison of Mou Zongsan’s evaluation of Tang Junyi’s “the man in the civilized Identity Universe” to highlight Mou Zongsan’s ideological morality and civilization contribution. Mou Zongsan said: “Teacher Tang is a witch in the ‘civilized universe’, just like Niutun and Einstein are the witch in the scientific universe, and Plato and Kant are the witch in the philosophical universe.”② The concept of “philosophical universe” is also revealed by Teacher Mou.

Regarding the “universe of civilized consciousness”, Mou Zongsan said: “What I call ‘civilized consciousness’ is the inherent meaning of China’ that ‘view of humanities to transform into the whole country’. This meaning is developed by Confucius and Mencius Chengde’s teachings. It is represented by the simple verbal sayings of “Zhu Gua·Tuo Jue”. From this Taiwan Baozhuang Network‘s consciousness, we can open the source of value. Based on this source of value, the work virtue suitcase slips over the blue ground brick, leaving two traces of water. In fact, it turns into the whole country, which is called the ‘civilized universe’.” ③ “Book of Changes·Zhi·Tu” says: “Civilization is to stop, humanity. Viewing geography is to Baoqing.com observes the changes in time and observes humanities to transform into the whole country.” What Mou Zongsan calls the “universe of civilizational consciousness” specifically refers to the realization of the humanistic value of the Confucian religion of becoming virtue into the humanistic world of the whole country, that is, the civilized world with the Confucian religion of becoming virtue as the focus of value. Mou Zongsan also said: “‘Civilized Identity Universe’ is like a synonym with ‘civilized Identity Realm’. However, if I do not say ‘world’ but say ‘universe’, the word ‘world’ starts with people’s impression of boundaries or paradise. It is not as good as the word ‘yuinclusive大官网’ can contain everything.” ④ From this we can see that Mou Zongsan applied the word “universe” without eliminating “world” or “world”, which obviously believes that the value of Confucianism’s moral teaching is broad, and it is said that “encompass everything.”

If the “universe” of “civilized universe” is broad, then the “scientific universe” represented by Niutton and Einstein, and the “universe” represented by Platz and Kant should also be broad. However, in the “Significance of the Word “Civilized Identity Universe”, Mou Zongsan distinguishes the “Civilized Identity Universe” beyond the “scientific Universe” and the “Philosophical Universe”. He said: “This universe is a higher level than the scientific universe, the philosophical universe, and even any particular religious universe.” “The scientific universe isIt is just that all kinds of special knowledge, and among them, are not enough to establish the value standards that human nature follows, it can only provide technical principles for a certain action.” “Philosophy is just thinking, and to clarify the various fields of humanity and the way to understand the truth. …This is also a kind of humanistic culture that “civilizes to stop” – an activity that people have. However, this kind of ‘civilization stops’ is cognitive, that is, sensible, and not practical.” In other words, the “universe” of Confucian “civilized consciousness” exceeds the “universe” that transcends science because it has a value standard that can establish human nature. The more cognitive and sensible “philosophical universe” that transcends the sequel is “real”. The “philosophical universe” mentioned here is represented by Eastern traditions. Mou Zongsan said: “This is the civilized consciousness universe that is higher than the philosophical universe. The traditional Eastern philosophy of learning is often just pure and wise thinking… and it doesn’t matter the individual’s own virtue. ”⑤

From Mou Zongsan comparing the “civilized universe” with “scientific universe” and “philosophical universe”, although Mou Zongsan calls the “universe” has different levels and traditions. In this meaning, the “universe” he mentioned does not have a single “boundary”, and this “boundary” “There are also differences of levels.

Objectively speaking, the so-called “civilized consciousness universe”, “scientific universe” and “philosophical universe” are the results of human creation, and they must have their own traditions. As Mou Zongsan said: “Without scientific tradition, there is no such thing as Niutun and Einstein as the human beings in the scientific universe; Short-term nourishment There is no Greek philosophical tradition, and there are no Plata and Kant as the wives in the philosophical universe. Similarly, without Chinese civilization tradition, there is no way that there is a civilized consciousness that the Tang master had to promote in this era, the human beings in the universe”⑥. Therefore, the so-called “universe” must be implemented in the creation of human specific civilizations, and it must have its “world”. Every specific “civilized consciousness”, “science” or “philosophical” is the specific “world” related to the “universe”.

Zeng Zhaoxu emphasized that Mou Zongsan was a wise man in the “philosophical universe”, and also further developed the relationship between his “philosophical universe” and “civilized consciousness universe”: “Be good at using civilized consciousness to good transform the philosophical universe, and can use philosophical universe to return to the civilized consciousness universe to differentiate the appearance. This is why Teacher Mou is the “vice in the Chinese philosophical universe.” ”⑦ This evaluation reminds Mou Zongsan of the close relationship between the “philosophical universe” and the “civilized universe”.

If Mou Zongsan’s “philosophical universe” has “boundary” – on the one hand, it has a close relationship with its “civilized universe” and on the other hand, it is a manifestation of the human “philosophical universe”, the